The pension was 2,550 pesos ($125) every two months. For example, Felipe Orozco, hospitalized multiple times for mental disabilities, reported that mental health professionals from a psychiatric hospital in Puebla shackled him naked with a padlock during the nights for two and one-half weeks. News reports indicated poor working conditions in some factories. The most common aggressions were intimidation and harassment, followed by threats and physical attacks, according to civil society groups. The guidelines allow internet service providers to deny access to certain applications, content, and services based on commercial criteria, in breach of their obligations to protect neutrality. According to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, the median salary for full-time female employees was 19 percent less than that of full-time male employees. See the Department of States Trafficking in Persons Report at https://www.state.gov/trafficking-in-persons-report/. The constitution and law prohibit all forms of forced or compulsory labor, but the government did not effectively enforce the law. The State Department's Mexico Crime and Safety Report for Merida (OSAC) details that there is very little to no narco-related crime threat in Merida. He fled to Israel, and the government requested that the Israeli government issue an arrest warrant and extradite him. The same tribunal rejected registration challenges from four other parties, including former president Felipe Calderons Free Mexico Party, which the INE argued did not produce sufficient evidence of the origin of some funding it received. 5 Memoria is a project that belongs to the Justice in Mexico program at the University of San Diego. All OSAC products and services are always completely free of charge. State labor inspectors, however, reported finding evidence of child labor, particularly in agricultural establishments. Penalties for law violations regarding occupational safety and health regulations were commensurate with those for other similar laws but were rarely enforced. Nonetheless, Quevedo Cruz remained in detention as of September 11. The order specifically called for an investigation into the role of the chain of command and the military order to "take down criminals.". Federal funding assisted the operation of more than 69 shelters, external attention centers, emergency houses, and transition houses. Inspectors generally were permitted to examine the informal sector only in response to complaints. There were no reports of political prisoners or detainees. The law establishes a requirement to observe parity in the designation of public officials at every level (federal, state, local) in all three branches of government. Rape and Domestic Violence: Federal law criminalizes the rape of men and women, including spousal rape, and conviction carries penalties of up to 20 years imprisonment. The states with the most teenage pregnancies were Chiapas, Coahuila, and Guerrero, and Tabasco. Child protection authorities lacked sufficient capacity to shelter and process migrant children and families, and the government made modest headway to increase that capacity. International Child Abductions: The country is party to the 1980 Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction. On October 1, a judge sentenced Fidel Figueroa, mayor of Zacualpan, state of Mexico, to 236 years in prison for murder. In Baja California Sur, Guanajuato, Michoacan, Nayarit, Nuevo Leon, and Yucatan, the crimes of defamation and libel are prosecuted, with penalties ranging from three days to five years in prison and fines for committing defamation or slander, both considered crimes against honor. Slander is punishable under the criminal laws of the states of Campeche, Nuevo Leon, Sonora, Yucatan, and Zacatecas, with sentences ranging from three months to six years in prison and fines. The reforms provide workers with the right to freely elect union representatives and approve or reject collective bargaining agreements through a secret ballot process before they are registered. That means the homicide crime rate was 29 per 100,000 in 2020. Minors were recruited or forced by cartels to traffic persons, drugs, or other goods across the border with the United States. President Lopez Obrador condemned the threats, and the Interior Secretariat confirmed that authorities would grant Uresti protection measures. If the relevant authority accepts a CNDH recommendation, the CNDH is required to follow up with the authority to verify that it is carrying out the recommendation. Write by: . In July the Mexico City Prosecutor Generals Office issued the fourth arrest warrant for Roemer. Mexico has relied heavily on the military to control drugs and fight organized crime, leading to widespread human rights violations. In March the government amended federal labor law to define the minimum wage as the lowest cash amount a worker receives for services rendered during a workday and stipulated it should never be below the inflation rate. Of the 500 legislators in the Chamber of Deputies, 250 were women, 1 percent more than after the 2018 elections. The NGO Mexican Commission for the Defense and Promotion of Human Rights identified 15 incidents between January and July of mass forced internal displacement (defined as the displacement of at least 10 families or 50 individuals) due to violence. As a result the number of pretrial detainees increased 25 percent since 2018, and pretrial detainees comprised 40 percent of all prisoners, according to government figures. Children constituted 19 percent of irregular migrant flows identified by authorities; 30 percent of them were unaccompanied. In June the Supreme Court issued a unanimous decision confirming that the exercise of the right to strike suspends the processing of collective conflicts of an economic nature that may be pending before the court and the topics that they present, unless the workers express in writing their agreement to submit the conflict to the decision of the court. The report singled out Hidalgo, Nayarit, Puebla, Sinaloa, Sonora, and Tamaulipas as the states with the worst prison conditions. UNICEF reported that 6.9 million students in Venezuela missed almost all classroom instruction between March 2020 and February 2021. Abuses occurred in institutions and care facilities housing persons with mental disabilities, including those for children. As of August 25, former governor of Chihuahua Cesar Duarte was awaiting an extradition decision. Media monopolies, especially in small markets, at times constrained freedom of expression. State human rights commissions investigate state and municipal police forces and can issue similar recommendations. Government authorities also reported an increase of 73 percent in online child pornography distribution during the pandemic. Subcontracting is allowed if it is used to perform specialized services unrelated to the main economic activity of businesses or public institutions. As of June, 58 percent of women in federal prison and 51 percent in municipal and state prisons were in pretrial detention, while 42 percent of men in the federal and local judicial system were in pretrial detention, according to a report from the Secretariat of Security and Civilian Protection. OSAC has developed into an enormously successful joint venture, with U.S. companies and organizations receiving the tools they need to cope with security issues in a . In November 2020 a judge suspended five officials from the Mexico City Prosecutor Generals Office for failing to search for Fatima within 72 hours after she went missing. On May 1, the role of verifying the process for unions to organize a secret ballot vote for workers to approve or reject existing collective bargaining agreements within the four-year period established by the reforms (legitimization process) transitioned from the STPS to the Federal Center. Arbitrary Deprivation of Life and Other Unlawful or Politically Motivated Killings, c. Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman, or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, Arrest Procedures and Treatment of Detainees, f. Arbitrary or Unlawful Interference with Privacy, Family, Home, or Correspondence, a. A 2019 constitutional reform increased the number of crimes for which pretrial detention is mandatory and bail is not available, including armed robbery, electoral crimes, fuel theft, and weapons possession. As part of that process, the Federal Center published a new legitimization protocol to include a mechanism that allows for submission of complaints regarding alleged irregularities that may happen prior to, during, and after the vote. On August 7, Yucatan governor Mauricio Villa announced the arrest of four police officers, but on August 14, a judge set them free due to a lack of evidence. The list named at least 50 persons linked to President Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador, politicians from every party, as well as journalists, lawyers, activists, prosecutors, diplomats, judges, and academics. In response to a 2020 civil society organization lawsuit, a Mexico City court ruled authorities must implement COVID-19 detection and preventive health protocols for detainees and their families in prisons in Mexico City and psychiatric wards nationwide. February 27, 2023 alexandra bonefas scott No Comments . In October 2020 the Electoral Tribunal granted registration to three new political parties: Solidary Encounter Party, Progressive Social Networks, and Social Force for Mexico. As of July, 39 percent of active unions under local jurisdiction had registered required amendments to their amended statutes to incorporate new secret ballot and gender equity requirements with the CABs. Violence and Harassment: Journalists were killed or subjected to physical and cyberattacks, harassment, and intimidation (especially by state agents and transnational criminal organizations) in response to their reporting. Civil society and families of the disappeared stated the governments actions to prevent and respond to disappearances were largely inadequate to address the scale of the problem. Obstacles to accessing international protection related most closely to capacity limitations and lack of coordination between the relevant agencies, as opposed to government policy. Some areas of Mexico have increased risk of crime and kidnapping. Ecuador 2019 Crime & Safety Report: Guayaquil The current U.S. Department of State Travel Advisory at the date of this report's publication assesses Ecuador at Level 1, indicating travelers should exercise normal precautions. Censorship or Content Restrictions: Human rights groups reported that some state and local governments censored media. The law also provides for the rights of appeal and of bail in most categories of crimes. Social programs to combat child labor did not address all sectors where child labor occurred. GitHub export from English Wikipedia. The government continued implementing the labor reforms in a phased manner, with the reform coming online in eight states in November 2020, and phase two started on November 3 with 13 states, and phase three to be concluded on May 1, 2022, for the remaining states. Last Update: Reissued with updates to health information. Between January and August the CNDH recorded 123 complaints of arbitrary detention. Across the criminal justice system, many actors lacked the necessary training and capacity to carry out their duties fairly and consistently in line with the principle of equal justice. Many women working in the industry reported suffering some form of abuse. Land conflicts, social and ethnic violence, or local political disputes caused other incidents. Violence by organized criminal groups often prompted the incidents, which took place in 10 states and displaced 11,560 persons as of August. The STPS certification of the new election set November 3 as the date for termination of the existing agreement, thus establishing that representation rights would be determined under the new labor reform rules and institutions. These included low wages, contentious labor management, long work hours, unjustified dismissals, a lack of social security benefits, unsafe workplaces, and no freedom of association. COMARs budget increased modestly in recent years but was not commensurate with the growth in refugee claims in the country. Institutionalized Children: Civil society groups expressed concern regarding abuse of children with mental and physical disabilities in orphanages, migrant centers, and care facilities. The Federal Center, however, estimated that only 10 to 15 percent of those collective bargaining agreements would undergo a legitimization vote because the worksite where the agreement was valid had closed, the work for which the agreement was negotiated had concluded, or the contract was a protection contract held by a nonrepresentative union. As of August 16, authorities had not arrested any suspects. . State preventive police report to state governors, while municipal police report to mayors. The elections were generally free and fair. Some employers attempted to influence bargaining-rights elections through the illegal hiring of temporary or fake employees immediately prior to the election to vote for the company-controlled union. According to the NGO, institutional staff in Baja California reported that four children with disabilities died within days of each other with no known investigations. The Secretariat of National Defense and Secretariat of the Navy also play a role in domestic security, particularly in combating organized criminal groups. 0 . On March 11, an anticorruption and antinepotism constitutional reform granted the Federal Judiciary Council the administrative organ of the federal court system more oversight over district and appeals courts and limited hiring authorities of individual judges. Children also produced garments, leather goods, and illicit crops such as opium poppies; engaged in illicit activities such as the production and trafficking of drugs; and experienced sexual exploitation, often as a result of human trafficking. The minimum age for hazardous work is 18, including all work in the agricultural sector. The constitution provides indigenous persons the right to self-determination, autonomy, and education. The constitution prohibits discrimination based on ethnicity, and a federal law prohibits all forms of discrimination. By law attorneys are required to meet professional qualifications to represent a defendant. Abuses of persons with disabilities included the use of physical and chemical restraints; physical and sexual abuse; human trafficking, including forced labor; disappearance; and the illegal adoption of institutionalized children. Governmental Posture Towards International and Nongovernmental Investigation of Alleged Abuses of Human Rights, Section 6. According to a 2019 National Child Labor Survey, the number of children ages five to 17 in child labor, including in hazardous household work, was 3.3 million, or approximately 11.5 percent of children in the country. While on average informal workers earned less than the minimum wage, in some areas, such as near the northern border, informal employment could pay more than formal employment in the manufacturing sector. The government rarely investigated cases of alleged abusive and fraudulent recruitment practices. There were no government restrictions on academic freedom or cultural events. Workers, the employer, or an interested third party may request the CAB or court rule on the legality of the strike, which may find the strike is nonexistent and therefore illegal. Corruption: There were numerous reports of government corruption during the year. According to the victims mother, police detained and interrogated him without reasonable suspicion or probable cause. Before a strike may take place, a union must file a notice to strike with the appropriate CAB, or the appropriate labor court once they are operational. See state summaries and advisory levels below for information on your specific travel destination. The law prohibits employers from intervening in union affairs or interfering with union activities, including through implicit or explicit reprisals against workers. According to the NGO Christian Solidarity Worldwide, Catholic-majority communities sometimes discriminated, harassed, threatened, displaced, denied basic services, and destroyed the property of individuals who left Catholicism. There were 50 hate-crime homicides and four forced disappearances committed against the LGBTQI+ community in the first eight months, according to the National Observatory of Crimes Against LGBTQI persons. The Catholic Multimedia Center reported that criminal groups harassed priests and other religious leaders in some parts of the country and subjected them to extortion, death threats, and intimidation. As of August 18, authorities had not confirmed whether the threatening video was genuine. Enrollment of children with disabilities decreased by 40 percent during the COVID-19 pandemic, according to Yo Tambien. According to the Center for Economic Research and Teaching, most criminal suspects did not receive representation until after their first custody hearing, thus making individuals vulnerable to coercion to sign false statements prior to appearing before a judge. Journalists could criticize the government and discuss matters of general interest with no restrictions. According to National Security Secretariat statistics, between January and June, state-level prosecutors and attorneys general opened 495 femicide investigations throughout the country, exceeding the 477 state-level femicide investigations opened in the first half of 2020 (statistics from state-level reports often conflated femicides with all killings of women). Journalists who asked difficult questions of government officials during press engagements received attacks via Twitter. Federal law criminalizes spousal abuse. Indigenous persons in isolated regions reported incidents of forced labor in which cartel members forced them to perform illicit activities or face death. The 27,751 calls to the hotline in May were the most since the creation of the hotline. Several outbreaks of COVID-19 resulted in multiple deaths. State commissions do not have uniform reporting requirements, making it difficult to compare state data and therefore compile nationwide statistics. In February 2020, it called on El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Mexico to protect the rights of migrants and refugees to leave their country of origin, noting that asylum applications from . The National Program for the Integral Protection of Children and Adolescents, mandated by law, is responsible for coordinating the protection of childrens rights at all levels of government. Posted at 01:41h . Individual employees or unions may complain directly to inspectors or safety and health officials. July 2022. Relatives of victims wait in anguish for news after a shooting July 1 at a drug rehabilitation center . The law requires the Secretariat of Health to promote the creation of long-term institutions for persons with disabilities in distress, and the Secretariat of Social Development must establish specialized institutions to care for, protect, and house poor, neglected, or marginalized persons with disabilities. Factors associated with maternal deaths included parents with lower levels of education, poor hospital infrastructure and human capacity, and lack of access to maternity care, especially for pregnant women living in rural areas. Discrimination: The law provides women the same legal status and rights as men and equal pay for equal work performed in equal jobs, hours of work, and conditions of efficiency. The law establishes penalties for discrimination based on gender, race, ethnicity, color, religion, language, pregnancy, political belief, or any other nature that violates human dignity. The new wage applied to all sectors and allowed an earner to reach or exceed the poverty line. The Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (IACHR), the UN Working Group on Arbitrary Detention, and NGOs expressed concerns regarding arbitrary detention and the potential for it to lead to other human rights abuses. On August 8, self-proclaimed members of Cartel Jalisco New Generation released a video showing a group of armed men threatening to kill journalist Azucena Uresti for reporting on self-defense groups fighting the cartel in Michoacan. In May in Chicoloapan, state of Mexico, municipal police beat and detained supporters of feminist groups as they led a protest against gender-based violence and political parties. Municipal police arrested eight women and one man, later releasing all detainees. The Mexico 2017 Crime and Safety Report for Mexico City by the US Department of State's Overseas Security Advisory Council (OSAC) indicates that crimes such as armed robberies, kidnappings, car thefts, credit card fraud and residential theft are "daily concerns" (US 24 Feb. 2017). a > September,. The Federal Center also carries out mandatory pre-judicial conciliations at the federal level, with local conciliation centers carrying out the same function at the state level. Contribute to chinapedia/wikipedia.en development by creating an account on GitHub. In addition to criminal libel and defamation laws, civil law defines moral damage as similar to defamation concerning harm to a persons feelings, affections, beliefs, dignity, honor, reputation, and privacy, according to the NGO Committee to Protect Journalists. 2021 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Mexico, An official website of the United States Government, https://www.state.gov/religiousfreedomreport/, https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/International-Parental-Child-Abduction/for-providers/legal-reports-and-data/reported-cases, https://www.state.gov/trafficking-in-persons-report/, https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/resources/reports/child-labor/findings/, https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/reports/child-labor/list-of-goods. The Overseas Security Advisory Council (OSAC) was created in 1985 under the Federal Advisory Committee Act to promote security cooperation between American private-sector interests worldwide and the U.S. Department of State.OSAC has developed into an enormously successful joint venture, with U.S. companies and organizations receiving the tools they need to cope with security issues in a . Government officials stated that the harassment of Catholic priests and evangelical Protestant pastors reflected high levels of generalized violence throughout the country and not targeted attacks based on religious faith. Coordinator for the Arctic Region, Deputy Secretary of State for Management and Resources, Office of Small and Disadvantaged Business Utilization, Under Secretary for Arms Control and International Security, Bureau of Arms Control, Verification and Compliance, Bureau of International Security and Nonproliferation, Under Secretary for Civilian Security, Democracy, and Human Rights, Bureau of Conflict and Stabilization Operations, Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor, Bureau of International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs, Bureau of Population, Refugees, and Migration, Office of International Religious Freedom, Office of the Special Envoy To Monitor and Combat Antisemitism, Office to Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons, Under Secretary for Economic Growth, Energy, and the Environment, Bureau of Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs, Office of the Science and Technology Adviser, Bureau of the Comptroller and Global Financial Services, Bureau of Information Resource Management, Office of Management Strategy and Solutions, Bureau of International Organization Affairs, Bureau of South and Central Asian Affairs, Under Secretary for Public Diplomacy and Public Affairs, U.S. Mexico is a multiparty federal republic with an elected president and bicameral legislature. The government increased the CNB budget 8 percent over the 2020 budget. > INDUSTRY REPORTING: Expert staff research issues affecting the private . car accident in brooklyn today belt parkway. There were high rates of impunity for these crimes, consistent with high impunity rates for all crimes. The STPS is responsible for carrying out child labor inspections and refers cases of child labor to the Prosecutor Generals Office for sanctions. On February 6, the federal Law Against Digital Harassment took effect. The project collects data on organized-crime-style homicides, such as location, name of the victim, cause of death, among other relevant factors in order to identify, report, and geolocate crimes, as well as memorialize victims of violence and There were reports of numerous forced disappearances by organized crime groups, sometimes with allegations of state collusion with authorities. Government failures to investigate and prosecute attacks on protesters and human rights defenders resulted in impunity for these crimes, consistent with high impunity rates for all crimes. Most indigenous persons lived in marginalized communities, and the COVID-19 pandemic disproportionally affected these communities, according to the OHCHR. In the first six months of the year, Article 19 registered 362 attacks against journalists and accused public officials of committing 134 of them. The law prohibits minors from working in a broad list of hazardous and unhealthy occupations. State and federal prosecutors are independent of the executive branch and have the final authority to investigate and prosecute security force abuses. Of all children, 7.1 percent, or two million, were younger than the minimum age of work or worked under conditions that violated federal labor law, such as performing hazardous work. Additionally, the INE introduced quotas to promote minority representation, requiring political parties to nominate a certain number of candidates belonging to minority groups, including from indigenous, Afro-Mexican, and lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and intersex (LGBTQI+) communities, as well as persons with disabilities. Women and children were subjected to domestic servitude. The current U.S. Department of State Travel Advisory at the date of this report's publication assesses Peru at Level 2, showing travelers should exercise increased caution. Although authorities generally maintained effective control over the security forces, there were instances in which security force elements acted independently of civilian control. According to several NGOs and unions, many workers faced violence and intimidation perpetrated by protection union leaders and employers supporting them, as well as other workers, union leaders, and vigilantes hired by a company to suppress opposition to an existing union in bargaining-rights elections. Libel/Slander Laws: There are no federal criminal laws against defamation, libel, or slander; however, eight states have criminal laws on these acts. osac crime and safety report: mexico. By law workers may remove themselves from situations that endanger health or safety without jeopardy to their employment. The law criminalizes sharing, distributing, and publishing intimate sexual content (including photographs, audio, and videos) featuring individuals who have not explicitly given their consent, with penalties of up to six years in prison. The governments National Council of Norms and Labor Competencies certified law enforcement internal affairs investigators and created standard internal affairs training to promote transparency and accountability. It may exercise its power to call before the Senate government authorities who refuse to accept or enforce its recommendations. osac mexico 2021 crime and safety report. The law provides for the right of indigenous persons to elect representatives to local office according to uses and customs law (see section 6, Indigenous Peoples) rather than federal and state electoral law. Workers had to buy food and other items at the company store at high markups, at times leaving them with no money at the end of the harvest after settling debts. He was a member of a search collective and the state search commission. Between January and June, state authorities opened 10,458 new rape investigations. As of August 16, the suspects remained in detention awaiting trial. The army and the navy have human rights units to create protocols and training. Of the 32 states, 24 criminalize sexual harassment, and all states have provisions for punishment when the perpetrator is in a position of power. According to the National Womens Institute, the federal institution charged with directing national policy on equal opportunity for men and women, sexual harassment in the workplace was a significant problem. The constitution and law prohibit discrimination with respect to employment or occupation. Under the accusatorial system, judges conduct all hearings and trials and follow the principles of public access and cross-examination. The filtering tool offers the user the ability to fully customize the app and . In January 2020, the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights issued a report on Guatemala, referring . Political parties nominated more female candidates for public office in the midterm elections than ever before, including half of their candidates for governor in the 15 races up for election. The government did not enforce the law effectively. Criminal cases related to such violations were rarely carried out. All states prohibit marriage of persons younger than age 18. See the Department of States Annual Report on International Parental Child Abduction at https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/International-Parental-Child-Abduction/for-providers/legal-reports-and-data/reported-cases. There were repeated reports of excessive use of force by police officials when detaining people or policing protests and by members of the National Migration Institute (INM) and the National Guard against migrants.

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